8x16 Patch Array Antenna
This example shows AXIEM simulation of a microstrip patch array antenna. The design has been published in the November 2010 issue of Microwave Engineering Europe.

Balanced Amplifier
A Wilkinson power divider submodel of this design is modeled in EM level using EM Extraction. The extent of EM modeling is under 100% control of the designer. One can readily toggle between circuit/EM models, and include incrementally more parts into EM simulation.

AWR enables easy switch between circuit- and EM models. Typically a circuit is optimized using circuit models, and in the end the result is verified by an EM simulation. To make this process flexible, the EM Extraction block controls the elements for which a full EM simulation is desired - sometimes the whole layout, but not necessarily. This example demonstrates the extraction process in a balun design.

Butler Matrix
AXIEM utilizes matrix compression and iterative solver technologies that lead to almost linear resource scaling with respect to the problem size. Therefore problems that were earlier impractical to solve, because of the complexity, are now routinely solved with AXIEM - in a normal laptop or office desktop environment. This project involves full EM solution of a complete 8x8 Butler matrix.

CPW to Slotline
This example shows the use of differential ports in AXIEM to excite coplanar waveguides. 

Curved 3 Stage Wilkinson Combiner
A cascaded Wilkinson combiner design is setup for circuit/AXIEM simulation using EM Extraction. This example uses equations to characterize the curved sections such that the layout stays snapped during tuning/optimization. One can go to optimization with Extraction on, such that the design gets optimized entirely in EM domain. A good practise is to optimize with circuit models, and only fine-tune or polish the results with full EM optimization.

CustomSpirals
In this example a custom spiral inductor is drawn using iNets. The spiral is simulated with AXIEM using EM Extraction.

Dual Band Patch Antenna
This project analyzes a dual-band patch antenna, designed for mobile phones to be used as an internal antenna. The design is published in Proceedings of the AP2000 Millennium Conference on Antennas & Propagation, Davos, Switzerland, 9-14 April 2000. 

Distributed Amplifier
This example demonstrates an MMIC design of a distributed amplifier with a flat gain of 12dB at 2-10GHz. The example has been setup such that one can toggle between circuit models/extracted coupled line models/AXIEM models using EM Extraction.

Edge Coupled Filter Rotated 45 Degrees
In this example, a high-order coupled-line band-pass filter is analyzed, based on both circuit models and full AXIEM simulation.

Embedded EM Simulation in MMIC PA Module Design
Interconnect and spiral inductor models are challenges in MMIC module design. This project shows how AWR can simultaneously and effortlessly create parameterizable model of both MMIC spiral inductor and the routable module interconnects of the same design. In particular, AXIEM has been chosen to simulate the inductor, while ACE (automated circuit extraction) has been chosen to automatically build a network of 2D cross-sectional models representing the interconnects.

Hairpin 5.8GHz BPF Synthesis and EM Simulation
This example involves 5th degree band-pass filter synthesis using iFilter wizard, followed up by simulation using circuit models and EM extraction. It turns out that the EM simulation results closely match the synthesized response, leaving just a small residual optimization to be done.

Hairpin 12GHz BPF Closed-Form vs EM vs Measurement
In this example the measured results of a hairpin filter (courtesy of Microwave Design AB) are compared with simulation using closed form models and EM simulation. The EM simulation is also setup as EM extraction, enabling toggling between circuit/EM modeling domains.

Log Spiral Antenna
This example is a courtesy of L3 Communications, Inc., and it demonstrates antenna simulation and radiation pattern measurements in AXIEM.

LTCC BAE
LTCC technology provides many advantages over PCB, and this project is a real LNA design on LTCC, courtesy of BAE Systems. EM Extraction is used to "slice" the design into a number of subproblems, each subject to full AXIEM simulation individually. For most efficient design, this is a practical methodology to identify where EM simulation is really needed and where circuit models work well. Full EM simulation is time consuming, and should thus be performed with care.

MEMS Phase Shifter
This example shows a 3-bit, 31-35 GHz MEMS phase shifter design in the AWR Design Environment. The example has been setup such that one can toggle between circuit models/AXIEM models of all the layout metals using EM Extraction.

Microstrip to Stripline Transition
In this example the microstrip to stripline transition is studied using AXIEM. The substrate stack corresponds to 3 layers of an LTCC process.

MMIC Capacitor Fast Tuning Under EM Extraction
This project describes a technique to EM Extract an MMIC capacitor for tuning/optimization without the need to re-extract.

MMIC Two Stage Amp
This example is a complete 17dB two-stage MMIC amplifier at 10-12GHz. The example has been setup such that one can toggle between circuit models/AXIEM models of all the layout metals using EM Extraction.

Surface mount device (SMD) models are a common concern in high-frequency PCB design. AWR Alliance partner, Modelithics, develops accurate SMD models of many component vendors. In this example, the significance of an accurate SMD model is demonstrated, along with AXIEM simulation of the layout.

Patch Antenna
In this example, a patch antenna is simulated using AXIEM.

In this project, a multilayer high-speed PCB via transition is simulated using both EMSight and AXIEM. A clock signal can be applied and waveforms be viewed in time-domain, provided the EM documents have been simulated up to a sufficient number of harmonics.

Quarter Wave Transformer EM Optimization
This example shows how to perform shape optimization using AXIEM and EM extraction

Rat Race Coupler Model Creation
A common situation in RF- and microwave design is that a special device model is missing or it is difficult to build from elementary building blocks. A circular rat race coupler represents such a case, and this project shows how AXIEM is used to workaround a missing model. In few tens of seconds, a new model is created, valid for a chosen frequency range. This new model can be used as any native AWR element without limitations. AWR Symbol Generator Wizard can be used to create a new custom symbol as well.

RF PCB AMP1900
This project is a discrete amplifier at 1.9GHz. The initial design has been refined in a number of steps to include more and more details into account, starting from ideal transmission lines and IND/RES/CAP elements, considering subsequently SMD parasitics, pad capacitances, physical microstrip lines, and eventually the whole RF layout with bends and T-junctions. Indeed, the whole layout is also subject to EM extraction and simulation with AXIEM. The extracted EM document has 35 ports, all of which are automatically stitched back to the discrete elements behind the scenes. The real-world gain is substantially reduced compared with the ideal design.

Sierpinski Triangle Antenna
This example shows simulation and characterization of several dipole-type antennas. 

Small Loop Antenna
This project shows how AXIEM can be used in the simulation of loop antennas. In particular, radiation patterns and current annotations are used to better understand real versus theoretical antennas. 

This example involves a stripline coupler design. Various modeling levels are employed by the use of EM Extraction. The design is mostly done using circuit models, only stripline cross-over is modeled as a standalone EM document. The whole design can be extracted into AXIEM, for direct comparison. Remarkably, one can include also EM document subcircuits in the extraction group, to create a bigger EM document.

Transmission Line Length Fast Tuning Under EM Extraction
This project describes a technique to EM Extract a transmission line segment for tuning/optimization without the need to re-extract.

Wilkinson Power Divider
EM simulation of a Wilkinson Power Divider is carried out using EMSight and AXIEM simulators.